Solar Urban Planning in European Cities - Approach and Results of The IEE Project Polis
Abstract
With respect to the composition of buildings and urban structures the importance of solar energy is evident, since the shape of constructive structures and relevant surfaces are the basis for application of solar systems and also for receiving passive solar gains. Therefore, solar energy is more connected to the form and function of buildings than other renewable energy sources. To assure the ability of new structures fitting a solar energy supply, certain requirements need to be included in development planning and building legislation. Also existing buildings need to be qualified for the application of solar systems; the knowledge of adequate building types and structures is therefore an essential requirement to improve strategic actions to mobilise the solar potential of existing built areas. To keep the current situation in numerous cities in perspective, the planning process is missing a detailed knowledge of solar requirements concerning density, levels and orientation. As a result solar energy is added to structures matching the needs by chance.