Ambient Heat Source Availability for Low-Ex Heating of Multi-Family Buildings
Abstract
A first assessment of the suitability of heat pumps for space heating and domestic hot water preparation in renovated multi-family buildings in Germany is presented. The most relevant building types and urban space structures are identified. For monovalent heat pumps, the sources ground probe, ground collector, ambient air and ground water are dimensioned using common dimensioning methods like VDI 4640, Geo Hand, TA Lärm and others. The results show that the area for ground probes around the buildings is often not sufficient. Air heat pumps require a sufficient distance to other buildings for noise protection, which was not in all cases possible. The authors conclude that for refurbished multi-family homes bivalent heat pump systems, multi-source heat pumps or combinations of heat pumps and solar thermal collectors or photovoltaic-thermal collectors should be further investigated to identify systems with minimal costs of avoided CO2 emissions. Key words: LowEx-Bestand, heat pump, solar thermal system, multi-family building, renovation