Impact of Non-Residential Load Profiles on the Grid-Integration of Building Integrated Photovoltaic (bipv) Systems in Two Different Climate Conditions
Abstract
BIPV systems may satisfy electricity energy consumption of the building on an annual or monthly basis. However, the balance between on-site generation and the building energy consumption requires evaluation with a higher time resolution. One of the main barriers to this evaluation in simulated studies is the lack of building simulation (BES) tools to model the non-stochastic occupant interactions resulting in similar daily consumption profiles throughout a year. This paper investigates the impact of load profiles of a generic office room on the integration of building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) electricity generation by taking into account the load fluctuations due to the occupant behavior. Two locations of Seville (Spain) and Munich (Germany) representing two different European climate conditions are considered in the work. The consumption profile encompasses electricity for lighting, office appliances, heating, cooling, and ventilation. The simulation results show for fully electric consumption profile of the model, the annual cover factors change significantly when hourly values of the load matching indicators are considered also illustrating accurate seasonal and daily effects. Taking the average of the hourly values, the building shows a load cover factor of 0.21 and 0.31 for the locations of Munich and Seville, respectively.