Renewable-Energy-Driven Heat Pumps for Districts to Reduce Primary Energy Demand
Abstract
Renewably driven heat pumps (HP) have considerable potential for primary energy savings in districts. Using measurement data of an existing district, this article shows the potential of a renewable heat supply using heat pumps. A simulation model for heat pump districts is presented, which has been validated by measured data. Using this model, heat pump control strategies in combination with different supply concepts are developed and examined by simulation. The results show that a renewable coverage of up to 80% can be achieved by using suitable heat pump operation strategies in combination with local photovoltaic (PV) and wind power (WP) as well as battery storages with 6 kWh capacity per building. It is also possible to increase the share of renewable energy to a complete satisfaction of demand. For the scenario considered, this would require a four times higher renewable energy production than the annual demand in the district and a battery capacity of 30 kWh per household.