Advances in Modeling and Evaluation of Large-Scale Hot Water Tanks and Pits in Renewable-Based District Heating
Abstract
Large-scale seasonal thermal energy storage (TES) emerges as a promising component in the future renewablebased district heating (R-DH) systems whereby large shares of renewables are being integrated. To enable such storage systems with large volumes to fulfill the seasonal tasks with high technical efficiency at cost-optimal level, they should be thoroughly examined, properly designed and planned. Thus, simulation-driven assessments are crucial to investigate these systems in order to avoid high capital cost with performance below expectations. While detailed finite-element simulations inspect multi-physical aspects (e.g. conduction, convection, mass transfer), dynamic simulation and pre-design tools are inevitably needed to capture the system’s energy flows. Consequently, this work reports and reviews the development of a wide variety of numerical models and their validation for advanced TES applications.