100 % Solar Heating with Seasonal Thermal Storage, Solar Thermal Collectors, PV and Heat Pump
Abstract
In this contribution, the concept of 100 % solar heated multifamily buildings with seasonal water storage is analyzed and optimized. Simulations of the system have been implemented in TRNSYS and were calibrated with measured data from the first winter with partial occupancy of a real building with seasonal thermal energy storage. The simulated system includes a detailed building, storage and solar thermal collector model. The simulation deck has been complemented with photovoltaics and a heat pump with outside air, the building slab foundation and other heat sources. Parameter variations for an optimal sizing of collector field, PV area, storage and heat pump size were carried out and the corresponding investment costs were estimated. The most promising combination of solar thermal collectors, PV-system, heat pump, slab foundation and shower heat recovery resulted in a 50 % reduction of the required storage volume compared the original standard system, and reduces the investment cost by about 10 %. This system not only covers the heat demand of the building, but is also able to cover part of the electricity used by the households. The excess electricity production is fed into the grid.