Large Scale Water Based Organic Photovoltaics
Abstract
With increasing energy demand and the depletion of $\\text{fossil fuels}$, the development of sustainable energy technologies is critical. Organic Photovoltaic Devices (OPVs) offer advantages such as flexibility, low cost, and scalability; however, their fabrication often relies on toxic organic solvents, raising environmental concerns. This study explores the use of water-based polymer nanoparticle (NP) inks as a safer alternative for OPV active layers. Donor and donor:acceptor nanoparticle formulations, including fullerene and non-fullerene systems, were processed via slot die, blade, and spin coating to produce homogeneous films. These were analyzed optically, morphologically, electrically, and chemically. Results showed that nanoparticle inks can yield stable OPVs, with enhanced environmental performance and long-term stability confirmed under ISOS-L-2 testing protocols.
Keywords
Organic Photovoltaics, Polymer Nanoparticles, Eco-friendly Conductive Ink