Decarbonizing Power and Transport Sectors Through Renewable Integration: Battery, Hydrogen, and Power-To-Mobility Solutions

Abdoulaye, Dr. Mahamat Adoum, Waita, Sebastian, Mwabora, Julius M., Wekesa, Cyrus Wabuge, Kim, Hanki

ISES Solar World Congress 2025 · Fortaleza, Brazil · 2025-11-03
Published by International Solar Energy Society (ISES)
DOI: 10.18086/swc.2025.06.11

Abstract

This study investigates the integration of electric vehicles (EVs) into the urban grid of Sub-Saharan Africa using an optimally sized hybrid renewable energy system combining solar PV, wind turbines, battery, and hydrogen storage. A Multi-Objective Dragonfly Algorithm (MODA) in MATLAB is used to minimize loss of power supply probability (LPSP), annualized system cost (ACS), and total energy transfer (TET). The system meets 96.3% of an annual EV load of 552,615 kWh with 272,001 kWh from solar and 315,239 kWh from wind. Grid interactions are limited, with 20,556 kWh imported and 36,006 kWh exported, while storage includes 224,995 kWh of battery discharge and 367.2 kWh of hydrogen. With a levelized cost (LCOE) of $0.19/kWh, an 8.88-year payback period, and 367,503 kg of CO₂ emissions avoided, the system demonstrates a viable pathway for clean EV deployment in urban Sub-Saharan Africa.

Keywords

Grid integration of renewable power systems, electric vehicles, solar PV, wind power, battery storage, hydrogen storage, MODA, optimal sizing, Sub-Saharan Africa, urban electrification, techno-economic and environmental analysis

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