Sustainable Residential Power: Hybrid Inverters for on/OFF-Grid Flexibility
Abstract
This paper presents a hybrid single-phase inverter with dual operational modes, designed to enhance the resilience of residential microgrids by enabling seamless transitions between grid-connected and off-grid operation. Targeting 4 kW power applications, the inverter employs a full-bridge topology with an LCL filter and is digitally controlled. In On-Grid mode, it synchronizes with the utility grid via a Phase-Locked Loop (PLL), injecting surplus renewable energy and maintaining power quality. During grid outages (Off-Grid mode), it operates as a Voltage Source Inverter (VSI), establishing a stable local grid to power residential loads. By integrating renewable energy utilization, battery storage, and adaptive digital control, the design addresses technical challenges such as reduced grid inertia and regulatory barriers to distributed generation. This solution empowers homeowners with energy autonomy, reduces carbon emissions, and enhances grid resilience, positioning hybrid inverters as key enablers of sustainable, decentralized power systems.
Keywords
Residential Microgrids, Hybrid Inverter, Grid-Forming Inverter (GFM), Grid-Following Inverter (GFL), Renewable Energy Systems (RES)