Model Predictive Control for Solar Blinds: Balancing Photovoltaic Power Generation and Visual Comfort
Abstract
A predictive control strategy has been developed for photovoltaic-integrated venetian blind systems to balance indoor visual comfort and solar energy generation. The controller has been formulated as a model predictive control problem with an illuminance constraint of 100–200 lux and a four-step prediction horizon. The results have shown that the model predictive control with four-step prediction horizon has maintained indoor illuminance within the comfort range more effectively than both the single-step and fixed-angle configurations. Moreover, the total photovoltaic energy yield has been slightly higher while actuator oscillations have been significantly reduced. These findings have confirmed that extending the prediction horizon enhances both visual comfort stability and energy efficiency, demonstrating the potential of predictive control in smart, energy-positive façade systems.
Keywords
Model predictive control, Photovoltaic-integrated blinds, Daylighting control, Smart façade, Energy efficiency, Visual comfort