Technical Procedures for Guaranteeing Performance and Conformity in Photovoltaic Modules

Teixeira, Camila Fernanda Cardoso, Barboza, Amanda Gomes, Oliveira, Dayane Cynthia Pinto, de Sousa, Alan Rodrigues, Silva Júnior, Francisco de Assis Souza, Lopes, Nicholas Medeiros, Emiliavaca, Samira de Azevedo Santos, Rocha, Thiago de Oliveira Alves

ISES Solar World Congress 2025 · Fortaleza, Brazil · 2025-11-03
Published by International Solar Energy Society (ISES)
DOI: 10.18086/swc.2025.03.73

Abstract

The article addresses the importance of standardizing tests to ensure the performance and compliance of photovoltaic modules, based on INMETRO Ordinance 140. Visual inspection, maximum power, electrical insulation, and electroluminescence tests were performed on 20 555 W crystalline silicon modules. The results showed that 65% of the modules had minor damage, such as scratches and stains, related to transportation or manufacturing defects, although all met the electrical insulation criteria. In the maximum power test, it was observed that no module reached the specified nominal value, evidencing the performance drop of conventional modules. The electroluminescence test revealed internal defects—microcracks, stains, and dark spots—absent in traditional tests, indicating possible structural weaknesses. These results reinforce the need to incorporate electroluminescence testing into technical standards, with a view to improving the reliability, traceability, and quality of photovoltaic modules, as well as contributing to increased durability and efficiency of solar systems.

Keywords

Standardized tests, photovoltaic modules, performance quality, electroluminescence testing, technical standards

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