Renewable Electricity Supply in Amazonas: Energy Modeling to Decarbonize Isolated Systems

Cumplido, Meiriele Alvarenga, Goncalves, Andre Rodrigues, Martins, Fernando Ramos, Borba, Paula Conde Santos, Costa, Rodrigo Santos, Poyer, Felipe Husadel, Rüther, Ricardo, Pereira, Enio Bueno

ISES Solar World Congress 2025 · Fortaleza, Brazil · 2025-11-03
Published by International Solar Energy Society (ISES)
DOI: 10.1016/j.seja.2026.100130

Abstract

This study evaluates hybrid systems using local renewable energy resources to decarbonize isolated systems (SISOL) in the Brazilian Amazon. Using the Calliope energy optimization software, a model for SISOL was built and applied to two case studies - Careiro da Várzea and Rio Preto da Eva. They were analyzed under scenarios combining solar photovoltaic (PV), batteries (Bt), and green hydrogen (H2). Results show that in Rio Preto da Eva, the PV-Bt scenario could reduce LCOE by 18% and GHG emissions by 92%, while PV-greenH2-Bt could increase LCOE by 79% and reduce emissions by 85%, both compared to the optimized fossil fuel baseline. Despite the current higher cost, the inclusion of hydrogen would allow for long-term storage, increasing system resilience. However, Careiro da Várzea faces significant land constraints, making scenarios economically and spatially infeasible under the evaluated conditions. These findings highlight the critical role of local context in designing possible strategies for decarbonizing isolated systems.

Keywords

Renewable Energy, Green Hydrogen, Solar Photovoltaic, Hybrid Systems, Energy Model, Energy System Optimization.

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