Production of Small Wind Turbine Blades by 3D Printing: a Developed Study Based on Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Sources
Abstract
This study investigates the use of 3D printing for prototyping small wind turbine blades, with an emphasis on applying the Blade Element Moment (BEM) theory to optimize aerodynamic design. The BEM theory is a widely used approach to predict the performance of wind turbines, combining two fundamental concepts: the analysis of aerodynamic forces in each section of the blade (Atom Element Theory) and the interaction of the rotor with the airflow (Moment Theory). This methodology allows the calculation of the distribution of lift and drag forces along the blade, optimizing the design for greater efficiency. In this work, a Python code was developed to apply BEM and generate the parameters necessary for the manufacture of the blades, such as the twist angle and chord distribution. The blades were prototyped using the FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) technique, an accessible form of 3D printing that allows the creation of quick and customized models. The study proposes the use of reinforced materials, such as carbon fiber, to improve the structural strength of the blades, minimizing the typical failures of 3D printing. The research demonstrates that 3D printing, combined with BEM, offers a flexible and economical solution for the creation of small-scale wind turbines, with the potential to optimize performance and reduce production costs.
Keywords
3D printing, Wind turbine, Renewable energy, BEM (Blade Element Momentum), Prototyping